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Aerodynamic transfer of energy to vibrating vocal folds for different driving mechanisms
Valášek, J. ; Sváček, P. ; Horáček, Jaromír
This paper studies the mutual energy transfer between the fluid flow, described by incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, and the elastic body represented by vocal folds. The aerodynamic energy transfer function describes the amount and more importantly the sign of the energy exchange. It determines if the vocal fold vibrations are self-excited or prescribed.The energy transfer function is studied for three different driving mechanisms introduced by different inlet boundary conditions (BC). The most frequently used inlet BCs for incompressible model of fluid flow approximated by the finite element method are either Dirichlet BC giving the inlet velocity or do-nothing type of BC prescribing the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet. Since the numerical simulations with both aforementioned BCs do not provide results observed experimentally the newly introduced BC based on the penalization approach seems as remedy. The numerical model consists of strongly coupled partitioned scheme based on the stabilized finite element method.\n\n
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Analysis of the turbulence parameterisations for the atmospheric surface layer
Caggio, Matteo ; Bodnár, Tomáš
The purpose of this short communication is to present a method that aims to express the turbulent variables in the atmospheric surface-layer in function of the stability of the atmosphere. The case of very stable conditions (strong strati cation), where theoretical approaches provide conflicting results (see Luhar et al. [11]), is analysed in detail to provide some insight into the limits of applicability for some of the most popular models of turbulence. The problem of the existence of the critical flux Richardson number is also taken into account.
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Artificial far-field pressure boundary conditions for wall-bounded stratified flows
Bodnár, Tomáš ; Fraunié, P.
This paper presents an alternative boundary conditions setup for the numerical simulations of stably stratifed flow. The focus of the tested computational setup is on the pressure boundary conditions on the arti cial boundaries of the computational domain. The simple three dimensional test case deals with the steady flow of an incompressible, variable density fluid over a low smooth model hill. The Boussinesq approximation model is solved by an in-house developed high-resolution numerical code, based on compact finite-difference discretization in space and Strong Stability Preserving Runge-Kutta method for (pseudo-) time stepping.
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Parallel domain decomposition solver for flows in hydrostatic bearings
Hanek, Martin ; Šístek, Jakub ; Burda, P. ; Stach, E.
We perform simulations of oil flow in hydrostatic bearings. Stationary incompressible three-dimensional flow governed by the Navier-Stokes equations is considered. The finite element method is used for discretization. The arising nonlinear system of algebraic equations is linearized using the Picard’s iteration, and the Balancing Domain Decomposition based on Constraints (BDDC) method is used to solve the linear systems of equations. The solver is first validated with an experiment for the case of a bearing without motion, and it is then applied to simulation of flow in a sliding bearing.
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Model order reduction technique for large scale flow computations
Isoz, Martin
Current progress in numerical methods and available computational power combined with industrial needs promote the development of more and more complex models. However, such models are, due to their complexity, expensive from the point of view of the data storage and the time necessary for their evaluation. The model order reduction (MOR) seeks to reduce the computational complexity of large scale models. We present an application of MOR to the problems originating in the finite volume (FV) discretization of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Our approach to MOR is based on the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)\nwith Galerkin projection. Moreover, the problems arising from the nonlinearities present in the original model are adressed within the framework of the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM). We provide a link between the POD-DEIM based MOR and OpenFOAM, which is an open-source CFD toolbox capable of solving even industrial scale problems. The availability of a link between OpenFOAM and POD-DEIM based MOR enables a direct order reduction for large scale systems originating in the industrial practice.
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Numerical simulation of flow in superpak family packings
Smutek, J. ; Isoz, Martin
The distillation is currently the most energy-intensive technology of the chemical industry. Commonly, the distillation is performed in the columns lled with a structured packing. Structured packings are complex structures used to increase the size of the interface available for the mass transfer. Because of the high complexity of both the packings and the physical phenomena occurring during the distillation, the design of the distillation columns is still based mostly on empirical data. In this work, we concentrate on modeling the gas ow in the SuperPak family of structured packings. First, we propose an algorithm for automatic generation\nof the packing geometry. Next, we construct and validate a three-dimensional computational uid dynamics (CFD) model of gas ow through SuperPak 250.Y and SuperPak 350.Y packings. The model validation is done by comparing experimental data of dry pressure losses to the values computed by our model. The obtained di erence between the CFD estimates and experiments is bellow 10 %. Finally, we present a parametric study of the SuperPak 250.Y packing geometry. The devised modeling approach may be easily automated and used for optimization of the SuperPak type packing geometry with respect to the gas ow. Furthermore,\nthe proposed CFD model may be extended to account for the multiphase ow.
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DEM-CFD study of flow in a random packed bed
Šourek, M. ; Isoz, Martin
Most catalytic surface reactions as well as other industrial applications take advantage of fixed packed bed reactors. Designers of these reactors rely mostly on empirical formulas derived for various simplifying assumptions, e.g. uniformly distributed porosity. The made simplifications and especially the assumption of uniformly distributed porosity fail if the tube to particle diameter ratio goes under 10 and the „wall effect“ becomes more significant. In such a case, the complete three-dimensional structure of the packed bed has to be considered. Thanks to ongoing improvements in numerical mathematics and computational power, the methods of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have become a great tool for comprehensive description of the packed beds with low tube to particle diameter ratio. Three-dimensional simulations of the flow through two fixed beds differing in the type of the used particle are presented and compared with available experimental and empirical results. To generate the random fixed beds, we propose a custom approach based on the discrete element method (DEM) code implemented in open-source software Blender. Thereafter, OpenFOAM tools (snappyHexMesh, simpleFoam) are used for creation of the computational mesh and solution of the governing equations describing a single-phase flow in the packed bed.
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Synthetic Jet Characteristic Velocity Estimated nn The Basis of Momentum Flux Measurement
Kordík, Jozef ; Trávníček, Zdeněk
The paper compares two methods of evaluation of synthetic jet characteristic velocity. The first method of the characteristic velocity estimation is based on a simple measurement of the synthetic jet momentum flux (the jet thrust) by means of precision scales. The second method is a standard one, it is based on spatial-temporal integration of the velocity profile at the synthetic jet actuator nozzle exit. The velocity profile was obtained here using hotwire measurements in air. Comparison of the methods is based on dimensionless stroke length of the synthetic jet. It is confirmed that the results of both methods are nearly the same for higher dimensionless stroke length. On the other hand, if the jet regime approaches to the synthetic jet criterion threshold (i.e. to the dimensionless stroke length of 0.5) the results of both methods diverge. Using the current results a correction is suggested for the momentum-flux-based method to match the standard one.
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Generation of Intermittent Jet by Pulse-Modulated Synthetic Jets
Broučková, Zuzana
An axisymmetric air jet was excited using a pair of counter synthetic jets running in opposed direction. First, the control synthetic jets were measured alone. The driving signal was pulse modulated sinusoidal signal. After an adjustment, the primary axisymmetric jet was excited to the bifurcating mode, and its behavior was studied experimentally. For comparison purposes, a reference steady (unforced) jet from the same nozzle was also measured (Reynolds number was approximately 1300). The flow visualization and hot-wire anemometry techniques were used.
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